{
 "cells": [
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "intro",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "# Combinations of Conditionals, Loops, and Collections in Python"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "concepto",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Step 1: Combining Conditionals, Loops, and Collections\n",
    "In Python, you can combine conditionals (`if`), loops (`for`, `while`), and collections (lists, dictionaries, etc.) to create powerful programs that solve complex problems. We will show you how this combination works in a simple way."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "lista-condicional",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Lists with Conditionals\n",
    "Imagine you have a list of numbers and you want to print only the even numbers. To do this, we use a `for` loop to iterate over the list, and inside the loop, we use an `if` statement to check if the number is even."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "codigo-lista-condicional",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]\n",
    "for num in numbers:\n",
    "    if num % 2 == 0:  # Conditional to check if the number is even\n",
    "        print(num)  # Print the number if it is even"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "while-lista",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Lists with `while` Loops\n",
    "You can also use a `while` loop to iterate over a list. For example, if you want to count until the first number greater than 3 in a list, you can do it like this:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "codigo-while-lista",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "numbers = [1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6]\n",
    "index = 0\n",
    "while numbers[index] <= 3:\n",
    "    print(numbers[index])\n",
    "    index += 1  # Increment index to move to the next number"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "diccionario-condicional",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Dictionaries with Conditionals\n",
    "In dictionaries, you can use a conditional to access specific values. For example, if you have a dictionary with people's ages, you can print only those people who are older than 18."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "codigo-diccionario-condicional",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "people = {'Alice': 22, 'Bob': 17, 'Charlie': 20}\n",
    "for name, age in people.items():\n",
    "    if age >= 18:\n",
    "        print(f'{name} is over 18 years old.')  # Prints only people older than 18"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "set-bucle",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Sets with Loops\n",
    "You can use a loop to iterate over a `set`, which is a collection of unique elements. For example, if you have a set of numbers and want to print only the odd numbers:"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "codigo-set-bucle",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "unique_numbers = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6}\n",
    "for num in unique_numbers:\n",
    "    if num % 2 != 0:  # Check if the number is odd\n",
    "        print(num)  # Print only odd numbers"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "combinacion-condicional-bucle-lista",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Combination of Conditionals, Loops, and Lists\n",
    "One very common way to use these combinations is to loop over a list with a `for` loop and apply a condition inside that loop to perform a specific action. For example, you can have a list of numbers and calculate the sum of only the positive numbers."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "codigo-combinacion-bucle-condicional",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "numbers = [-1, 2, -3, 4, 5]\n",
    "sum_positive = 0\n",
    "for num in numbers:\n",
    "    if num > 0:  # Only sum positive numbers\n",
    "        sum_positive += num\n",
    "print('The sum of positive numbers is:', sum_positive)"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "combinacion-condicional-bucle-diccionario",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Combination of Conditionals, Loops, and Dictionaries\n",
    "If you have a dictionary and want to apply a conditional to the values to perform an action, you can do it inside a loop. For example, let's say you have a dictionary with names and ages, and you want to print only those who are over 18 years old."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "code",
   "execution_count": null,
   "id": "codigo-diccionario-bucle-condicional",
   "metadata": {},
   "outputs": [],
   "source": [
    "people = {'Alice': 22, 'Bob': 17, 'Charlie': 20}\n",
    "for name, age in people.items():\n",
    "    if age > 18:  # Only print people over 18 years old\n",
    "        print(f'{name} is over 18 years old.')"
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ejercicio",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "## Step 2: Practical Exercises\n",
    "Now that you've seen some examples, it's time to practice what you've learned."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ejercicio-1",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Exercise 1: Sum of Positive Numbers\n",
    "Create a list of numbers that includes both positive and negative numbers. Then, use a `for` loop and a condition to sum only the positive numbers in the list. Print the result."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ejercicio-2",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Exercise 2: Filter People Over 18 Years Old\n",
    "Create a dictionary with names and ages of people. Then, use a `for` loop and a condition to print only the people who are over 18 years old."
   ]
  },
  {
   "cell_type": "markdown",
   "id": "ejercicio-3",
   "metadata": {},
   "source": [
    "### Exercise 3: Count Even Numbers in a List\n",
    "Create a list of numbers. Write a program that counts how many even numbers are in the list. Print the count of even numbers."
   ]
  }
 ],
 "metadata": {
  "kernelspec": {
   "display_name": "Python 3",
   "language": "python",
   "name": "python3"
  },
  "language_info": {
   "name": "python",
   "version": "3.x"
  }
 },
 "nbformat": 4,
 "nbformat_minor": 5
}